Type-writing machine



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

L. G. GARRETT.

TYPE WRITING MAGHINE.

, Patented Apr. 23, 1889.

M OMw 4 Mg 1m N. PETERS, mwum m Washington. n. c

4 Sheets--Sheet 2.

L. G. GARRETT.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Patented Apr. 23, 1889.

(No Model.)

WITNES SE v (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Shee1: 3.

L. G. GARRETT..

TYPE WRITING MAGHINE.

No. 110L780. Patented Apr. 23, 1889.

N R a WITNESSES ATTORNEYS.

(N0 Modl.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 4 L. G.GARRETT.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE;

Patented Apr. 23, 1889.

G N s\ M 5%! w i R F 5 I 5 if INVENTOR:

BY Q

ATTORNEYS.

N PETERS. PholoLilhographer, Washinghm, n. c

UNITED STATES FFlCE.

LEBBEUS G. GARRETT, OF BISSELL, PENNSYLVANIA.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent No. 401,780, dated April23, 1889.

Application filed May 31, 1887. Serial No.239,913. (No model.)

To ctZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, LEBBEUS G. GARRETT, of Bissell, in the county ofVashington and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and ImprovedType lVriting Machine, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description.

My invention relates to a machine of that class known as type-writers,and has for its object to provide a simple and efficient machine of thischaracter by which whole words or phrases may be printed at once on thesame line across a page and at a reporting speed by depressing keys of akey-board conveniently arranged at the front of the instrument.

The invention consists in certain novel features of construction andcombination of parts of the type-writer, all as hereinafter describedand claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar letters and figures of referenceindicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved type-writer with thepaper-holding carriage broken away. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal verti calsectional elevation of the machine. Fig. 3 is a detail view illustratingparts of the mechanism by which the inking-ribbon is shifted. Fig. 4 isa vertical transverse section taken on the line a: m, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 isa detail rear view of the carriage-retracting mechanism. Fig. (5 is anenlarged transverse vertical section taken. through the type-sectorcarrying-shafts and the lower parts of the sectors. Fig. 7 is anenlarged detail side view, partly in section, of the lower part ofeither of the three left-hand sectors and its coupling device. Fig. 8 isa perspective view of part of one of the sectional keys of theinstrument; and Fig. 9 is a detail view of the front bar of the frame,showing the graduated dial and pointer.

The type-writer will have a suit-able case, the lower or base portiononly of which is shown in the drawings, and consists of a bed plate, A,on which the operating mechanism of the instrument is supported, and alow side casing or plate, a, which extends upward.

from the bed-plate about as high as the top of the keyboard. The upperpart of the case may have any approved construction forming a suitablecover, which maybe removed when the machine is to be used.

The key-board of the instrument consists of a series of keys, preferablyten, which are indicated in the drawings by the numerals 1,

2, 3, i, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, respectively, and

are numbered successively from the right toward the left of thekey-board, as shown in Figs. 1, 3L, and 6. The first key, 1, is fixed toa shaft, 1*, which is journaled transversely of the instrument in lugsor short posts I) b, which are fixed to opposite edges of a rockingplate, 3, which is fixed to a shaft, 6, journaled in the frame of themachine. This plate B extends rearward beneath the keyboard, andpreferably at a rising inclination from its rear to its front end, andthe keys 1 to 10 are adapted to be depressed to the plate to cause thereciprocating type-carrying sectors which are supported by the shaft 1to be tilted or rocked to bring the various types on the sectors intoline for print, as hereinafter fully explained.

In the machine shown there are twelve typesectors, which are placed faceto face and carry type upon their upper edges, which are curved in thearc of a circle struck from the shaft 1 as a center. The type-sectorsare marked 1. to l2 ,inclusive, and in order from left to right. Theextreme leftl1and sector, 1, and the two next sectors, 2 and 3 arelitted loosely upon the shaft 1, to which the key 1 is fixed. The nextsector to the right hand, or l is fixed to a tubular shaft or sleeve, 2,which is fitted loosely on the common. shaft 1, and to which sleeve thesecond key, 2, is fixed. The next sector to the right hand, or 5*, isfixed to atubular shaft or sleeve, 3, which fits loosely upon the sleeve2*, and to which the key 3 is fixed. The next sector, 6", is fixed to asleeve, 4:, which fits loosely upon the one 3, and to which the key 4 isfixed. The next sector, 7, is fixed to a sleeve, 5, which fits looselyupon 4, and to which the key 5 is fixed. The next sector, 8 is fixed toa sleeve, 6, which fits loosely upon 5, and to which the key 6'is fixed.The next sector, 9, is fixed to a sleeve, 7", which fits loosely upon 6,and to which the key 7 is fixed. The next sector, 10, is fixed to asleeve, 8 which fits loosely upon 7, and to which the key 8 is fixed.The next sector, 11, is fixed to a sleeve, 9, which fits loosely upon8*, and to which the key 9 is fixed, and the next or extreme right-handsector, 12, is fixed to a sleeve, 10, which fits loosely upon 9, and towhich the extreme left-hand or last key, 10,0 5 the key-board is fixed.I prefer to secure the keys to their respective shafts or sleeves byset-screws, all as most clearly shown in Fig. 6 of the drawings.

With this construction it is obvious that either of the type-sectors 1 23 may be rocked by depressing the first key, 1, when any one of thesectors is connected with or coupled to the common shaft 1, and I willnow describe the means employed to effect their coupling, as follows: Alever, C, which is fulcrumed at c to the front end and left-hand side ofthe plate B, is provided with a laterallyprojecting lug, C, on which theother two coupling-keys, D E, rest. A spring, 0 between the plate B andthe lever O normally forces a coupling-pin, c, which is pivoted to theinner end of a sliding bar, 0 normally held in position by a spring, 0,and working in grooved Way in the lever 0 up through a recess in thelower end of the third sector, 3 into ahole in the sector-shaft 1, andwhereby this type-sector 3 will be normally coupled to the shaft 1% tobe operated by the key 1 of the instrument. The keys D E are fulcrumedon a pin, d, passed through a suitable bearingblock, a, fixed to therocking plate B,and the inner ends of said keys D E are provided,respectively, with pivoted coupling-pins d c in sliding bars, like theonec of the lever C, but entering recesses in the lower ends of the typesectors 2 and 1 respectively, and each adapted to enter a hole providedfor it in the shaft 1 of the first key, 1. Springs (1 e between the keysD E and the plate B in front of the key-fulcrums normally hold thecoupling-pins d e of these keys out of their holes in the shaft 1. Inother words, when the finger-plates d c at the outer or front ends ofthe keys D E are not depressed, the coupling-pin c of lever C will beengaged with the sector 3 and the shaft 1, and the pins (1 e of the keysD E, while resting in the recesses of their sectors 2 and 1",respectively, will be disengaged from the shaft l and cannot be'operated by depressing any key, 1 to 10, of the keyboard proper of theinstrument. The typesector recesses in which the coupling-pins c d c fitare preferably flared, and the coupling-pins are pivoted to assure easyand certain engagement of them with the shaft 1 of the key 1. (See Fig.7 of the drawings.)

It is obvious that the third type-sector, 3 Will normally be operatedfrom the first key, 1, as the remaining typesectors, 4: 5 6*, 7, 8, 9 1011 and 12, are operated from the keys 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10,respectively; hence each of the ten keys of the key-board will on thetwelve sectors of the instrument, as

follows: The ten sectors 3 to 12 inclusive, which are normally operatedby the keys 1 to 10, respectively, each bear the same typecharacterswhich are represented at the righthand row of type on the first key, 1,in Fig. 1 of the drawings. I remark here incidentally that the keys 1 to10 are made in thirty sections peculiarly jointed together, andeachsection bears one type-character, which, when any section of any keyis depressed to the rocking plate B, will cause a correspondingtype-character on the sector coupled to the key to be brought into linefor print, all as hereinafter more fully explained. Each typesectortherefore carries thirty characters, which, like those on thecorresponding sectional keys, range in order or succession from front torear of the machine. The characters on the ten sectors 3 to 12,inclusive, comprise the alphabet of small letters, twenty-six in all,and four punctuation-marks, the comma, semicolon, period, and hyphen.The characters on the sector 2 comprise an alphabet in capitals, havingthe same relative positions on it as the small letters on the lastabove-named sectors, thecharacter &, the dollar 5.3, the per cent. andthe cent (1;. The characters on the sector 1 comprise, successively, thefractions, the ten digits, and the special punctuat-ion-marks, (clearlyindicated at the left-hand side or edge of the key 1 in Fig. 1 of thedrawings.)

If in the operation of the machine it is desired to print any one of thecharacters on the sector 2, the key D will be depressed by the lefthand, and the pressure of the key on the lug O of the lever C will lowerthe couplingpin 0 from the shaft 1, which will uncouple the sector 3from the shaft, and at the same time the pin 61 on the key D will riseand couple with the shaft 1. If nowa capital M is to be printed, thefirst key, 1, will be pressed down at its section marked m, which willcause the shaft 1 to turn sulficiently to carry the type M on sector 2into line for print.

Should the character it be required while the key D is depressed, thekey l'will be depressed at its section marked 38, which will bring saidcharacter into line for print, and in this way any one of the characterson seetor 2 may be brought into line for print. Should any one of thecharacters on the extreme left-hand sector, 1", be desired, the key Ewill be depressed, which, by its contact with the lug C, will uncouplethe pin 0 of the le- ITO ver 0 from the shaft 1, and will simultaneouslylift the pin 6 of the key E into its opening in the shaft 1, therebycoupling the sector 1 to the shaft, and while the key E is held down thekey 1 will be depressed at any sec tion of it bearing the desiredcharacter, which shall be brought into line for print, as will readilybe understood. \Vhen the keys D E are released, the springs e (Z c willreadjust the parts to uncouple the keys D E and couple the sector 3again with the first key, 1, of the key-board to cause said key tooperate said sector 3 to bring into line for print any of the charactersat the right-hand. edge of the key, as above explained.

The plate B rocks with its shaft 7), and is normally held upward at itsfront or outer end by springs F, which force the back end of the platedown to a stop lug or lugs, 11 ,011 the bed-plate A, and the springswill yield to allow the plate B to be lowered at its front end to astop, U on the bed-plate for lifting the sectors and giving theimpression on the paper held to the carriage above 1 hem of either orall of the type-characters which had previously been brought into linefor print by depressing the sectional keys 1 to 10 to the plate B, aswill be hereinafter more fully explained. Springs G, fixed at one end toeach of the type-sectors and at their other ends to the plate B,normally draw the sectors backward against a stop-bar, g, which is fixedin or forms a part of the frame ll, on which the paper-holding carriageand inking devices are supported, as presently described.

The key-board keys are made alike in general form, except that they aresuccessively made longer from the key 1 to the key 10 at their backparts behind the axis of the transverse shaft l, which supports them andthe type-sectors. The object of this successive rearward prolongation ofthe keys is to cause them to act with a varying leverage beneath andover a series of shoulders formed at the front edge of a tilting plate,I, which I call the spacing-plate, and by which and connected mechanismthe feed of the carriage is regulated automatically, as hereinafterfully explained.

The front parts of the keys 1 to 10 being made alike, a description ofthis part of one key will suffice, as follows: It consists of a numberof sections, K, which are provided with a tenon, 7;, at one end and amortise, at the other end, each section having squared ends or shoulders73, and the tenons being rounded over a little at their lower edges, sothat when the sections are hinged or connected together pivotally bypins which pass through the upper inner parts of the tenons, thekey-sections will abut end to end, and will be practically a rigid orinflexible lever behind any one of the sections which may be depressedto the board B for setting the type-sector characters into line forprint, and all those sections of the key in front of the one depressedwill be free to fall upon or follow the inclination of the plate B. Theinner or rear section K of each key is connected to the rigid rear partor stem, J, of the key, which is fixed to the shaft 1 or to itsrespective sleeve and projects rearward to the spacingplate I. The lastcharacter is produced on the outer end of this rigid part J of the key,as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings.

It is obvious that when the first or front section K of a key, 1 to 10,is depressed to the board B the type-sector connected to said key willbe turned forward at its type-carryin g face a sufficient distance tobring the first character a, A, or on the sector connected to said keyimmediately beneath the center of the impression-roll L on thepaper-carriage, and should the second key-seetion K be depressed flat tothe plate Bthe sector will be turned to carry its next character, Z), B,or immediately beneath the roll L into line for print, and so on for anyone of the key-sections K J, which, when depressed to the plate B, willcarry a sector-character corresponding to that on it to the line ofprint.

It will be understood that the characters at the right-hand side of thefirst key, 1, in Fig. 1 of the drawings maybe reproduced. on each of thekeys 1 to 10 of the instrument, or may be marked on every second orthird key, or these characters may be produced on key 1 only, in whichcases the eye will follow orline off the key'sections when depressingthem by the characters on the intermediately-marked or first keys.

The paper-holding-carriage frame M consists of opposite side barsconnected to and by opposite end bars, and is hinged at m to the rearframe, H, of the machine, and isprovided with suitable grooves, m,forming ways or guides, in which the carriage N is fitted to slidetransversely of the key-board, and allowing the carriage to be swungback with its frame on the hinges m, for inserting the paper or makingerasures,.or for other purposes. In the opposite ends of the carriagethe abovenamed impression-roller.L and two paper clamping and feedrollers, O O, are jouri'ialed. The roller L will preferably be made ofrubher or other suitable elastic composition, and the rollers O O aremade of wood, having rubher or felt rings 0' 0' at opposite ends to bearon the paper with sufficient friction to cause the paper to bepositively fed forward underneath the impression-roller, when pinions o0, which are fixed to the shafts of the rollers O O and mesh withpinions Z at the opposite ends of the shaft of the impression-roller,are turned a limited distance by the engagement of a pawl or trip-leverwith the right-hand pinion Z of the roller L, as hereinafter described.

The rear side bar, n, of the carriage N is provided. with a rack, p,with which a pinion, P, fixed to a shaft, 13, journaled in the frame H,is adapted to engage. The shaft 19 extends across the frame H andcarries at its front end (see Figs. 2 and 9) an index or pointer, 19which rotates with the shaft and indicates at the face of a graduateddial-plate, p fixed to the frame, the extent of movement of thecarriage, and will also indicate how the carriage may be set by hand tocommence a line of writing at any place across the page. A spring, R,which is-fixed at one end to the shaft 19' and coils around said shaft,is fixed at its other end to the frame H. A ratchetwheel, R, on theshaft p has peripheral teeth of suitable pitch, which are engaged by apawl, R which is pivoted at r to the spacing-plate I, and is guided andheld upon the ratchetwheel by the engagement with it of the outer forkedend, 4', of the lever B, which is pivoted by a long bearing-pin, T tothe frame H. The ratchet and pawl are relatively arranged with thepinion P to cause the pinion to be turned to shift the carriage N fromthe right toward the left for variable distances or spaces to allowprinting of from one to ten characters on the paper, accordingly as thespacingplate I is lifted more or less by the back ends or stems of thedepressed keys 1 to 10, and as the carriage is shifted from right toleft the spring R is coiled up or put in tension, ready to automaticallymove the carriage back to its extreme right-hand position when thedetents are moved from the ratchet-wheel, all as hereinafter more fullyexplained.

A detent-pawl, R, guided in a suitable eye or bearing, r fixed to theframe H, has a hook-head, r which normally engages the teeth of theratchet-Wheel R, to prevent return or back motion of the-wheel and holdthe carriage in the position to which it has been moved by the lastaction of the feedingpawl R A pin, 0", fixed in the frame H, ispreferably used to cause the pawl-head 0' to move clear of theratchetrwheel when the detent-pawl is raised, and a spring, 1", normallyholds the pawl R engaged with the ratchetwheel. The pawl R is bent overto the left hand to cause its lower part to clear the spacing-plate I,and the lower end, 0, of said pawl rests upon or has suitable connectionwith the extremity s of a lever, S, which thence ranges toward the righthand, and is bent forward and curved a little to clear the rocking plateB at a point where an upwardly-projecting paper-shiftin g pawl or arm,T, is connected to the lever, and said lever S extends along the frameH, to which it is fulcrumed at s, and thence ranges forward beneath theplate B near the front of the key-board. A spring, 3 normally pressesdown the back end, .9, of the lever, and at its forward end it carries astem having a key or finger-plate, 8 which, when depressed, lifts thedetent-pawl R and disengages it from the ratchet-wheel R, and alsodisengages the feedingpawl R from the ratchet, which last effect isproduced by means of a rod, T, which is connected at one end to the armT and at its other end is pivoted to one end of an elbow-lever, T, which1817i"- oted at its angle to the frame H, and is pivoted at its otherend to a rod, T which is pivoted to the pawl R as will be understoodfrom Figs. 1, 2, and 4 of the drawings. After the pawls R R aredisengaged from the ratchetwheel R, the arm T operates the paper-holdingrollers on the retracted carriage N to move the paper forward to receivethe following line of printing, as next described.

The arm T is fixed to the lever S at apoint back of the lever-fulcrum,and at its upper end carries a pin, i, with which the teeth of theright-hand pinion Z of the impressionroller L are adapted to engage. Asthe key of the lever S is depressed after a line has been printed on thepaper U held by the carriage-rollers, the pawls R R will simultaneouslybe disengaged from the ratchet-wheel R, and the pin t of the arm T willbe swung or carried over to a position forward of a vertical line drawnthrough the center of the impression-roller or its pinion I, so thatwhen the carriage is thrown to its extreme righthand or initial positionby the operation of the spring R, as above explained, and as thecarriage stops against a lug, t, on its frame M, andwhile the lever S isyet depressed at its key 3 the pin t of the arm T will engage or passbetween two of the teeth of the adjacent roller-pinion Z, and when thefinger is lifted from the key 5 the spring .9 will instantly raise thelever S and throw back the pin t, and thereby turn the pinion Zbackward, and through it all the pinions Z 0 of the paper-holdingrollers will be turned to move the paper U a proper distance'forward toreceive the'next line of printing.

I will next describe the inking devices, and then explain how adepression of the keyboard keys imparts a variable feed to thepaper-carriage, and, finally, I will briefly describe the generaloperation of the instrument in writing a word.

The inking device is made with a pair of spools, V V which are journaledin suitable brackets or bearings, o o, fixed to the front and rear topbars of the frame H. The spools are long enough to receive aninking-ribbon, V, which is sufficiently wide to cover or overlie all ofthe twelve type-sectors of the instrument. The bearings 12 Q) will bearranged in any approved way allowing easy removal of theribbon-rollers. The main body of the rib bo'n V will be Wound upon therear roller, V, and'its free end will be fastened by a tape or otherwiseto the front roller, V A crank, 12, on the shaft of the roller V allowsthe ribbon to be rewound onto said roller from the roller V when theribbon-feeding pawls WV V are disengaged from ratchet-wheels w LL72,which are fixed to the shafts of the rollers V V respectively. Thesepawls W WV are preferably made with elastic stems, which are fixed tothe head of an arm, W, which is also made of elastic material, and isfastened at its lower end at "w to the post I), which is fixed to androcks with the plate B.

The teeth of the ratchets w w are pitched IIO in the same direction, andthe teeth of the pawls \V' which engage them, are pitched 1n oppositedirections, as most clearly shown in Fig. 3, of the drawings, andwhereby as the plate B is rocked to imprint the paper the pawl willengage its ratchet 10 to wind the ribbon V onto the roller V and thepawl \V will slip over the teeth of its ratchet '10 as the back end ofthe plate B rises, and as this end of the plate B falls the pawl W willslip over its ratchet, while the pawl W will act on its ratchet w toslack off the ribbon from the roller V, and in this manner theinking-ribbon will be removed to carry a fresh part of it over or to theline for print every time the plate B is rocked to press the type andinterposed inking-ribbon to the paper. A wedge-shaped trip-block, X,which is fitted upon the arm WV, may be forced down between the arm andthe bearin g Z), to throw the pawls 1V laterally and clear of theribbon-spool ratchets w 10 whenever the ribbon is to be rewound. ontothe roller V Regarding the variable feed of the carriage bydepression ofthe key-board keys, it will be noticed that the extreme right-hand key,1, extends by its rear part or stem, .1, a shorter distance back of theaxis of the sector-shaft 1 than any other of the keys; or, in otherwords, the rear parts or stems or short arms of the key-levers are madesuccessively longer from the key 1 to the key 10, as hereinbeforestated, and the spacing-plate I, which is journaled at opposite ends inboxes L7, (see Fig. 2,) which are fitted to slide from front to rear insuitable hearings on the rear frame, H, is provided with a series of tenshoulders, 2 which are graded in length relatively to the short arms ofthe keys which act on them, so that the extremity of each key will lieunder the spacing-plate a trifle next its respective shoulder z' of theplate I when the plate is forced forward to its normal position by oneor more springs, Y, which are fitted between its back edge and the frame11 in any approved way. The upper face of the spacing-plate 1, next eachof its shoulders or steps 1', is rounded or beveled backward from thelower face of the plate, to allow the extremities of the keys, when theyshall have lifted or tilted the plate and passed above it, to moreeasily force the plate back bodily against the tension of the springs Yas the extremities of the keys are carried down below the plate again bythe pull of the springs G on the respective sectors to which thedepressed keys are connected. The spaeing-plate is supported in normalposition by a short post or lug, I, which is fixed to the rocking plateB. (See Figs. 2 and 4: of the drawings.)

At the front end of the rocking plate B a cross-bar, Z, is supported bylugs z a, so as to extend above the ends of the first sections of allthe keys, 1 to 10, inclusive, and prevent undue rising of the keys asthey are operated, and this bar Z also serves as a spacingbar, as bypressure on itthe board B will be depressed to the stop If, and thespacing-plate I will be lifted or tilted by the lug 1' a sufficientdistance to cause the pawl R to turn the ratchet R and pinion P to movethe carriage N the space required for one letter.

It is obvious that a depression of the first key, 1, will raise theforward edge of the spacing-plate I a comparatively slight distance, orthrough the same are which the plate is tilted by pressure on thespacing-bar Z, to give the carriage N a like movementsay about one-tenthof an inch toward the left hand, and when the key 2 is depressed in likemanner the spacing-plate I will be swung or tilted upward a fartherdistance, or enough to move the pawl R to shift the carriage Ntwo-tenths of an inch, or to space for two characters, and in likeproportion or ratio a depression of the keys 3, 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10will actuate the pawl to shift the carriage three'tenths, four-tenths,five-tenths, sixtenths, seven tenths, eight-tenths, ninetenths, andten-tenths of an inch, respectively. In other words, the carriage willbe shifted from one-tenth of an inch to one inch as the keys 1 to 10 arecorrespoinlingly depressed. It will be understood that it requires avery slight movement of the keys to cause them to operate thespacing-plate and carriage-feeding pawl, as above described that is tosay, each key 1 to 10 will give its proper maximum movement to thespacingplate when the first or outer section of the key is depressed,and will move or lift the spacing-plate no farther should any otherinnor or rear section of the key be depressed to the rocking-plate B tobring the proper type on its sector into line for print.

To illustrate the operation of the machine, we will suppose the wordReceived is to be Written. The operator will depress the key D to couplethe sector 2, carrying the capitals to the key 1, and he will thendepress the key 1 at its section marked 0' to the plate B,

which moves the sector 2" to carry its character R into line for print,and then the operator presses on the sector r of key 1 with sufficientforce to lower the plate B to its stop I), which will carry all thesectors upward, but will print only the capital R on the sector 2 as allthe other sectors are behind the line of print, and when the hands arelifted from the machine the sector 3 will be automatically recoupled tothe key 1. After the capital letter R is printed, the required. sectionsof the keys from 1 to 7, tobring into line for print the letters e c e iv e d, are struck all at the same time together and continuouslydepressed to rock the plate B to make the impression. The rocking of theplate 13 depresses the section 6 of key 1, the section a of key 2, thesection 6 of key 3, the section of key 4, the section 1; of key 5, thesection 6 of key 6, and the section (Z of key 7, which will set thesectors 3", 4 5, 6 7", 8 and 9" to bring the letters e c e iv 0 dinorder from left to right into line for print, and by the set-ting IIO ofthese sections ofthe keys, or rather by the depression of the key 7, thecarriage had been moved by the spacing-plate I and pawl R forseven-tenths of an inch, or a space sufficient to print all the lettersof the word except the capital R, j ust printed, and while the depressedsections of the several keys are held snugly to the board B the pressurewill be increased to rock the board and carry the sectors up to theinking-ribbon and impress the paper to print all seven letters at onceand complete the word, and when the hands are lifted the keys andsectors will resume their normal positions ready for the next depressionof the keys tothe plate B to move the desired sector-characters intoline for print.

The operation in detail of the carriage returning or retractingmechanism, the inking devices, and the mechanism for shifting the paperfor the next line of print will be fully understood from the aforesaiddescription; hence it is only necessary to state that when a line ofprinting is completed the key-plate s of the lever S willbe depressedand released, and the lever-connections will first release the pawls R Rfrom the ratchet-wheel R and allow the spring R and pinion P to retractthe carriage and cause the arm T t to shift the paper for the next lineof printing.

Words may be spaced apart either by depressing the bar Z withoutdepressing any of the keys or by skipping one or more keys whendepressing them to the rocking plate B for setting the sectors to theline for print. It will be seen that whole words or phrases can betype-written with or by a single depression of the keys, enablingwriting to be done at a reporting speed.

It is obvious that it is not necessary to use ten keys, as herein shownand described, as a less number may be used with a corresponding numberof normallyconnected sectors or reciprocating type-carriers and as manyadditional sectors having coupling-keys, by which they may be connectedto a keyboard key to bring any capital or other special character intoline for print.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. In a type-writer, the combination of aseries of oscillating type-carriers, a series of keys connected,substantially as described, to and operating the said type-carriers tobring the type into line, and a rocking plate upon which the saidtype-carriers and keys are mounted and by which the type-carriers areelevated to make the impression, substantially as described.

2. In a type-writer, the combination of a series of oscillatingtype-carriers and a series of keys, each composed of a number of sections hinged together .connected, substantially as described, to andoperating the said typecarriers to bring one or more of the type intoline at once, substantially as described.

3. In a type-writer, the combination of a series of oscillatingtype-carriers, a series of keys, each composed of a number of sectionshinged together, and connected, substantially as described, to andoperating the said typecarriers to bring one or more type into line, andsprings for returning the type-carriers and keys to their normalposition, substantially as described.

4. In a type-writer, the combination of a series of oscillatingtype-carriers, a series of keys, each composed of sections hingedtogether, substantially as described, and connected, substantially asdescribed, to and op erating the said type-carriers to bring the typeinto line, a rocking plate upon which the said type carriers and keysare mounted and by which the type-carriers are elevated to make theimpression, and springs for returning the type-carriers, keys, androcking plate to their normalposition, substantially as herein setforth.

5. In a type-writer, the combination, with a frame and a paper-carriagethereon, of a series of oscillating type-carriers, a series of keysconnected, substantially as described, to and operating thetype-carriers to bring the type into line and having their inner ends ofvarying lengths, a pivoted spacing-plate having a series of shoulders,and intermediate mechanism, substantially as described, between thespacing-plate and the paper-carriage for operating the same,substantially as herein shown and described.

6. In a type-writer, the combination, with a frame and a paper-carriagethereon, of a series of'oscillating type-carriers, a series of keys,each composed of hinged sections connected to and operating the saidtype-carriers to bring the type into line and having their inner ends ofvarying lengths, a rocking plate upon which the said type-carriers andkeys are mounted and by which the type-carriers are elevated to make theimpression, springs for returning the type-carriers, keys, and rockingplate, a pivoted spacing-plate having a series of shoulders, a pawl onthe spacingplate, and mechanism, substantially as described, operated bythe pawl to shift the paper-carriage, substantially as herein specified.

7. In a type-writer, the combination of a frame, a paper-carriagethereon, a rocking plate, B, fulcrumed on the frame, a shaft, 1, held inbearings on the plate B, a series of keys, as 1 to 10, supportedindependently by a series of hollow shafts from said shaft 1, a seriesof type-carrying sectors, as 3 to 12 connected to the key-shafts to berocked by or from the keys to carry the type into line for print,springs retracting the rocking plate, the type-carrying sectors and thekeys, and an impression roller or platen on the papercarriage oppositethe type on the adjusted sectors, substantially as shown and described.

8. In atype-writer, the combination of a suitable frame, apaper-carriage thereon, a rocking plate, B, fulcrumed on the frame,springs F and stops for said plate, a shaft, 1, on the plate B, a seriesof keys, as 1 to 10, supported independently from said shaft and havingrear stems of varying lengths, a series of typecarrying sectors, as 3 to12", connected to the respective key-shafts to be rocked by or from thekeys to bring the type into line for print, springs G, retracting thesectors and keys, an impression roller or platen on the carriage0pposite the type on the adjusted sectors, a spacing-plate, I, having aseries of shoulders, i, normally overlapping the keys, and said plate Ifitted to the frame so as to yield to let the ends of the keys pass theshoulders, a stop, I, for the plate I, a pawl, R connected to the plateI, a shaft, 17, a ratchet-wheel, R, thereon, actuated by the pawl R anda pinion, P, engaging a rack on the paper-carriage, substantially asdescribed, for the purposes set forth.

9. In a type-writer, the combination of a frame, a paper-carriagethereon, a rocking plate, B, fulcrumed to the frame, a shaft, 1, 011 theplate B, retracting-springs and stops for said plate, a series of keys,as 1. to 10, supported independently from the shaft 1 and having rearstems of varying lengths, a series of type-carrying sectors, as 3" to12, connected to the respective key-shafts, an impression roller orplaten 011 the carriage, a spacingplate, I, having a series ofshoulders, 1', normally overlapping the keys, a pawl, R connected to theplate I, a shaft, p, a ratchetwheel, R, thereon, actuated by the pawl, apinion, P, engaging a rack on the carriage, a spring, R, connected tothe frame and to the shaft 9 and adapted to be put in tension as thecarriage is shifted by the pawl, a retaining-pawl, R, having ahook-head, r, engaging the ratchet-wheel to lock the carriage whenshifted by the pawl and pinion, the pin 0", for engaging the head of thepawl to disengage it from the ratchet-wheel, and a lever for raising thesaid pawl, substantially as described, for the purposes set forth.

10. In a type-writer, the combination, with a frame, a paper-carriagethereon, a rack-andpinion device adapted to shift the carriage, and apawl, R connected to a pivoted spacing-plate operated by the keys foractuating the pawl, substantially as specified, of a lever, S, fulcrumedto the key-board support and having an arm, T, the elbow-lever T pivotedto the frame, the rod T, pivoted to the arm T and elbow-lever T and therod T pivoted to the elbow-lever and to the pawl R sub stantially asherein set forth.

11. In a type-writer, the combination, with a frame, a paper-carriagethereon, a rack-andpinion device adapted to operate the carriage, apawl, R connected to a pivoted spacing plate operated by keys foractuating the pawl, aratchet-wheel, R, a spring, R, on the ratchetshaft,and a retaining-pawl, R, for the ratchet and carriage, of a lever, S,fulcrumed to the key-board support and having an arm, T, the elbow-leverT pivoted to the frame, the rod T, pivoted to the arm T and to theelbow-lever, and the rod T pivoted to the elbow-lever and to the pawl Rsaid lever S extended to the detent-pawl R substantially as shown anddescribed, whereby as the lever is depressed at 5 both pawls R R will bedisengaged from the ratchet-wheel R to allow the spring R toautomatically retract the carriage, as herein set forth.

12. In a type-writer, the combination, with a frame, a paper-carriage,N, sliding thereon, a paper-roller in the said carriage, a pinion on theend of the paper-roller, a lever, S, having an arm, T, carrying a pin,25, aratchet-andpinion device, 13 R P, adapted to feed the carriage, aspring, R, adapted to retract the carriage, a feeding-pawl, R connectedto a pivoted spacing-plate operated from the typekeys, and aretaining-pawl, R substantially as shown and described, whereby as thelever S is depressed at the pawls R R will be disengaged from theratchet-wheel R to allow the spring to retract the carriage, and the pin25 of the arm T will be set to engage apinion on a paper-rollerof theretracted carriage, and when the lever S is released the carriagerollerswill be actuated by the pin t to shift the paper for the next line ofprinting, as herein set forth.

1.3. In a type-writer, the combination, with the frame, a slidingcarriage thereon, paper holding and feeding rollers mounted in the saidcarriage, and pinions on the ends of the rollers and meshing with eachother, of the lever S, provided with the arm T, having aninwardly-projecting pin, it, and a spring for returning the lever to itsnormal position, substantially as described,whereby when the lever isdepressed the arm will be swung forward with its pin between the teethof the pinion of one of the feedrollers, ready to move the said rollerbythe action of its spring when released, as set forth.

14. In a typevriter, the combination of a series of keys forming akeyboard, a rocking plate pivoted to the frame and to which the keys maybe depressed, said keys being connected independently to a series ofoscillating type-carriers adjustable by depressing the keys to bring thetype into line for print, and springs retracting the type-carriers andkeys, and said keys having inner parts or stems varying in length, apivoted spacingplate having a series of shoulders normally overlappingthe keys, a pawl connected to the spacing-plate, and mechanism,substantially as specified, operated by the pawl for shifting thepaper-carriage, a stop, If, for the rocking plate, and a stop, I, fixedto said plate and adapted, when the plate is rocked by pressure on saidbar, to operate the pawl for feeding the paper-carriage to space wordsapart and, without operating the type-carriers, to adjust the type intoline for print, substantially as shown and described.

15. In a typewriter, the combination of a series of keys forming akey-board and connected to independent type carriers, and

adapted, when depressed, to operate the carriers to bring the type onthem into line for print, and said keys having characters produced onthem corresponding to those on the carriers, in combination with one ormore special type carriers bearing capitals and other specialcharacters, and a lever and one or more special keys and pins arrangedto couple the special carriers to the shaft of the first key andsimultaneously uncouple said key from the type-carrier to which it isnormally connected, and said first key bearing characters like those onthe type-carriers connected to the key-board keys, and also bearingcharacters corresponding with or indicating those on the specialtype-carriers, which may be coupled to it, substantially as described,for the purposes set forth.

16. In a type-writer, the combination, with a frame, a rocking plate,13, fulcrumed thereon, a series of keys, as 2 to 10, supported independently from a shaft, 1, held to the plate B, a series oftype-carriers, as P to 12 inclusive, fixed to shafts on which the keys2110 10, respectively, are supported, and said typecarriers having aseries of like characters corresponding with the characters of the keysto which they are normally connected, a key, 1, fixed to the shaft 1,type-carriers 3 2 1", mounted loosely on said shaft 1, and the carrier 3having a series of characters corresponding with those of the carriers4" to 12 and adapted for connection with a key, 1,

to engage the pins (Z c with the shaft 1", to couple the carriers 2 1",respectively, to said shaft and to simultaneously uncouple the carrier 3from the shaft, substantially as shown and described, whereby either ofthe carriers 2 1 having capitals or other special characters, may beoperated at will from the key 1 of the key-board, and said keyl alsobearing characters corresponding with or indicating those on thecarriers 2" 1, all operating as and for the purposes set forth.

17. In a type-writer, the combination, with a frame, a rocking platefulcrumed thereto and supporting a key-board, and aseries ofreciprocating type-carriers adapted to be adjusted by operating the keysand to be lifted to make an impression by tilting the rockingplate,'substantially as specified, of a pair of inking-ribbon rollers, VV journaled on the frame, a ribbon, V, on the rollers and next the type,ratchet-wheels w 10 on the shafts of the rollers V V and pawls WV WW, engaging the ratchets and connected to a rod, W, held to the rockingplate, substantially as shown and described, whereby as the rockingplate is tilted the pawls WV V will shift the inking-ribbon, as and forthe purpose set forth.

18. In a type-writer, the combination, with the operating-rollers V Vprovided with ratchet-wheels w 10 pitched in the same direction, and therocking plate B, of the elastic pawls 7' WW, having their teeth pitchedin opposite directions and secured to the clastic arm WV, which issecured to the rocking plate B, substantially as herein shown anddescribed.

LEBBEUS G. GARRETT.

\Vitnesses:

JOHN H. GiEs, WV. E. SCHAFFUIT.

